Grain and fertilizer drill.



PATENTED 'MAR. 1o, 190s.

F. N. ISHAM. GRAIN AND FERTILIZER DRILL.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25. 1902.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

no konnL.

. I nvehtor.

Wunesses- Attorney N0.722,407. PATBNTED MAR.10,*1903.'

' P. N. ISHAM.'-

GRAIN AND FERTILIZER DRILL. APPLICATION FiLED MAR. 25, 1902. N0 MODEL. 4SHEETS-SHEET 2.

vvitnesses- Inventor.

RP Attorney int mans P Erzns 00.. momumo" WASHINGTON. b. c.

No. 722,407. PATENTED MAR. 10, 1 903.

' F. N. ISHAM.

- GRAIN AND FERTILIZER DRILL.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25, 1902.

no MODEL. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3'.

Witnesses.

Inventor.

Attorney No. 722,407. PATENTED MAR. 10, 1903..

I. N. ISHAM.

GRAIN AND FERTILIZER DRILL.

APPLICATION FILED MAR; 25.

4 SHEETS-SHEET '1.

N0 MODEL.

I nv'erItorJ b, H K-MW /M Attorney PETEns cov. we

NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANCIS N. ISHAM, OF AVON, NEW YORKQ GRAIN AND FERTILIZER DRILL.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent N 0. 722,407, dated Marchl0, 1903. Application filed March 25, 1902. Serial No. 99.881. (Nomodel.)

To 00% whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANCIS N. ISHAM, of Avon, in the county ofLivingston, State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Grain and Fertilizer Drills; and I do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of- To these andother ends the invention consists in certain improvements inconstruction and combination of parts, all as will be hereinafter fullydescribed, the novel features being pointed out in the claims at the endof the specification.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a grainand fertilizer drill embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is atop plan viewthereof. Fig. 3 is a rear view of the hoe-elevating shaft, taken on theline w x of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is an enlarged side elevation of thehoe-locking mechanism. Fig. 5 is a similar view, partly in section, ofone of the hoes, showing the method of attaching the latter. Fig. 6 is adetached perspective view of one of the elevating-arms. Fig. 7is anenlarged longitudinal sectional View of a portion of the main frame andhopper, showing a side elevation of the driving devices for operatingthe seed-feeding mechanism." Fig. 8 is a top plan View of said devices,and Fig. 9 is a similar view showing the parts in a diiferent positionof adjustment.

Similar reference characters in the several figures indicate similarparts.

In illustrating the various features of my invention I have shown themapplied to the usual form of grain and fertilizer drills embodying aframe composed of the side pieces 1, connected at their forward ends bya bar 2, in rear of which are two cross-bars 3 and 4. The frame issupported upon the usual driving-axle 5, the ends of which are carriedin the wheels 6, and above the frame is arranged the hopper 7. The hoes9 are located beneath the hopper, and the seed and fertilizer areconducted thereto by tubes 10, attached at their upper ends to theframe, forming a portion ofthe distributing mechanism, (indicated by11,) said hoes being connected by drag-bars 12 to the arms 13 on thedrag-shafts 14, located at the forward end of the frame. The drag-bars12'a re arranged in pairs for each hoe, and at their rear ends each pairis connected byastud 15, which in the present instance is flattened uponits opposite sides and arranged with the planes of said sides extendingin line with the drag-bars',being prevented fromturningtherein by meansof elongated slots or apertures provided in said bars corresponding tothe cross-section of the studs and through which the ends of the latterextend, as will be understood. The hoe is provided at its upper end witha web 17, provided with a perforation or aperture 18, forming an eyefrom which leads a downwardly-extending slot 19. This arrangement of theparts permits the hoe to be attached to the drag-bar when elevated intothe position shown in Fig. 5, when the stud may be passed through theslot 19 and the hoe revolved to the normal position, (shown in fulllines in Fig. 1,) securely looking it against removal. The hoe isfurther secured by a link 20,-attached to one end of a lever 21, pivotedat 22 and connected at its opposite end to a rod 23, movably supportedin a guide 24, between which and the end of the lever is a spring 2%,serving to hold the parts in the normal position, but permitting the hoeto revolve on the stud 15 when the latter engages an obstruction withsufficient force to compress the spring.

In order to raise the hoes out of operative position, I provide anelevating device embodying a shaft 25, journaled in brackets 26, mountedon the sides 1 of the frame and having thereon a series of levers orarms 27, apertured at their outer ends and recessed at their upper sidesto receive the pins 29 in the elevating-bars 30, attached to thedragbars and extending through said apertures. Springs 31 are placed onthe bars 30 beneath the levers 27, and as the latter are below the pins29 they may be moved downwardly to compress the springs and force thehoes in to the ground. The lower ends of the springs rest upon washers31, which may be adjusted to vary the tension by arranging the pins 32in the several apertures shown in the bars. The shaft 25 is usuallyrectangular in crosssection, and to adaptthe levers or arms 27 for readyattachment I construct them, preferably, of separate interlockingpieces. At the rear end of the arms 27 is a head 35, having an angularrecess adapted to fit two proximate faces of the shaft and provided withnotches or recesses 36 on each side of the arm to receive fingers 37 ona corresponding angular cap-piece 38, adapted to engage the oppositefaces of the shaft, the said head and cappiece having on their rearsides perforated flanges 39, through which a bolt 40 may be passed tosecure the parts rigidly. This ar-- rangement permits an arm to beeasily at-l tached at any desired point on the shaft, and

it is particularly advantageous upon machines of this character, as abroken arm may be easily replaced without removing the shaft from theframe or disturbing the other arms.

The ends of the fingers 37 are curved upward slightly at their proximatesides and in applying the arm they are engaged in the notches, when theparts may be separated sufficiently:

to be slipped over the shaft, when they may afterward be secured by thebolt 40. I shaft 25 may be operated from the rear of the machine andfrom either side thereof by lever-arms and the hoes lowered or elevatedvas desired, and when in the latter position they; may also be locked byengaging either of the. levers beneath projections or books 46 on the,

side portions 1 of the frame. The levers are made of malleable orwrought iron or steel, and their outer ends are offset slightly beyondthe ends of the shaft 25, so that as they are engaged beneath the hooks46 a slight spring tension isimparted to the levers, which normallyholds them out of alinement with In raising the hoes the operator graspseither handle and moving it down ward forces it inwardly beneath thebook, where it is retained, the spring in the lever the hooks.

moving it beyond the hook when either of the levers is operated to lowerthe hoes.

the hoes when in the operative position, I provide means for locking theshaft 25 with thearms 27 thrown downward to compress the springs 31,which in the present instance embodies a plate or bracket 48, mountedcon-- trally on the cross-bar 3 and forming a central bearing for theshaft, as shown. The

top of the bracket extends above the shaft and is provided with a rackhaving at the forward edge a notch 49, adapted to be engaged by a pawl50, pivoted on an arm 51, connected to said shaft, all as shown in fulllines in Fig. 4. At the rear side ofthe bracket are also providednotches 52, arranged opposite-the notches. 49, adapted to be engaged bythe pawl 50, as shown in Fig. 1, to lock the The shaft when it isdesired to hold the hoes above the surface of the ground. The pawl 50 ispivotally attached to the arm 51, and as the shaft is revolved the pawlis carried over the rack, engaging the notches, as above described,until its end passes off the bracket, allowing it to gravitate to theposition shown in dotted lines in Fig. 4, when the shaft maybe revolvedin the opposite direction, with the pawl following over the rack toengage therewith and secure the parts in the desired position. Byemploying this locking device the lever-arms 45 may be adjusted toextend in a substantially vertical position for the convenience of theoperator when riding upon the machine, and the projections or hooks 46might in such a case be dispensed with or applied to the ends of thehopper.

In order to make the'drawings clear, I have omitted from Figs. 1 and 2the illustration of the operating devices arranged between the seedingand fertilizer-distributing mechanisms aud the driving-axle and haveshown these features in detail views in Figs. 7, 8, and'9. The seedingand fertilizer-feeding mechanism may be of the usual or any preferredconstruction, arranged in the hopper and adapted to be operated by thedriven or feeding shafts and 6], respectively. Extending across theframe and journaled in the side pieces 1 and slightly in rear of thedriving axle or shaft 5 is a driving-shaft 62, having at one end agear-wheel 63, meshing with a gear-wheel 64, journaled on a stud ontheframe, and in turn meshing with a'pinion 65, attached to thedriving-axle 5 and affording means for causing the rotation of the shaft62 in the desired direction. The rotary move ment is transferred fromthe'latter to the feeding-shaft 60 by means of gear-wheels, and in orderthat various speeds may be obtained in the rotation of said shaft Iarrange a series of differential gear-wheels (indicated by 66) which arecapable of longitudinal movement, permitting one or another to beshifted into alinement with either portion of a double pinion 67,carried in a yoke 68, mounted on the shaft 60, and having the armsextending on each side of a gear-wheel 69 on said shaft.

The pinion 67 embodies the two portions of In order to exert a downwardpressure on larger and smaller diameter, (indicated by a and b,respectively,) and also mounted onthe yoke is an idler-pinion 70,arranged between IIO the portion 22 of the pinion 67 and the gearing therank of gear-wheels 66 consists of a lever 72, pivoted to the cross-bar3 and having the handle 73 extending in rear of the cross-bar 4, onwhich latter is arranged a rack 74, adapted to be engaged by a pawl ordog 75, arranged on the handle and operating to secure the lever inadjusted position. 76 indicates a link connecting the lever with theyoke 71. Owing to the difference in the sizes of the gear-wheels on thedriving-shaft, it is desirable to provide means for adjusting the pinion67 relatively to said shaft to permit either of the portions aor b to bemoved into engagement with said gear-wheels. To accomplish this purpose,I journal the yoke 68 on the shaft 60 and secure it in the adjustedposition by means of a pawl 77, which engages notches or ratchet-teethformed upon an arm 78, projecting from the lower side of the cross-bar4. One end of the pawl extends in close proximity to the handle 79 onthe yoke, whereby it may be easily operated to release the latter.

The operation of the above mechanism will be readily understood. When itis desired to alter the speed of the feeding-shaft, the yoke (38 isfirst moved downwardly, carrying the pinion 67 out of the path of thegearwheels (36. The latter may then be adjusted on the shaft (32 bymeans of the lever 72 to position the desired gear-wheel opposite theportion a of the pinion 67, after which operation the yoke 68 may beadjusted toward the shaft 62 to cause the gears to properly mesh,

' and in this position the gear-wheel is prevented from independentlateral movement, being held at one side between the flange at one sideof the pinion 67 and at the other side by one of the arms of the frame71. If it is desired to operate the seeding -shaft through the smallerportion 1) of the pinion 67, the gear-wheels at one side of the selectedgear-wheel are moved apart sufficiently to permit the portion a and theflange 80 of said pinion to extend between them, as illustratedparticularly in Figs. 8 and 9.

While I have described but one operating mechanism, and that employedfor driving the seeding-shaft, it will be understood that this mechanismmay be duplicated and the additional set employed for operating thedriven shaft 61 of the fertilizer-distributing mechanism.

The various features I have shown and described combine to provide agrain and fertilizer drill in which the various operating mechanisms maybe controlled by the operator as he follows at the rear of the machine,and the hoe-elevating devices being arranged entirely in front of thehopper leave the rear of the frame unobstructed, allowing the gearingdevices to be under the perfect control of the operator at all times.The construction of the several parts whereby they may be easilyapplied'facilitates setting up the machine and also replacing the partsin making repairs.

While I have not claimed herein the hoe elevating and adjusting devicesnor the particular construction of these and other parts of theinvention, I do not relinquish these features, but reserve them to formthe subject-matter of a future application.

I claim as my invention- 1. In an agricultural implement, thecombination with a frame having a hopper, a driven shaft, and feedingdevices operated thereby, of a driving-shaft, a pinion operating thedriven shaft, and an adjustable support carrying said pinion,a pluralityof gearwheels arranged on thedriving-shaft, a frame embracing theseveral gears, and means for moving the frame to adjust the gear-wheelslongitudinally on the shaft relatively to the pinion.

2. In an agricultural implement, the combination with a frame having ahopper, a driven shaft and feeding devices operated thereby, of adriving-shaft, a pinion operating the driven shaft, an adjustablesupport carrying said pinion, and a plurality of gearwheels arranged onthe driving-shaft, a frame extending over the ends of said plurality ofgear-wheels, an operating-lever for moving them longitudinally of theshaft, and means for locking the frame in adjusted position.

3. In an agricultural implement, the combination with a frame having ahopper, a driven shaft and feeding devices operated thereby, of a doublepinion operating the shaft, composed of gear-wheels of differentdiameters, an adjustable support carrying said pinion, and adriving-shaft, a plurality of gear-wheels thereon, a frame movablelongitudinally of the shaft having the arms extending over thegear-wheels and permitting their limited independent movement on theshaft, and devices for adjusting the frame.

4. In an agricultural implement, the combination with a frame having ahopper, a driven shaft, and feeding devices operated by the latter, of adouble pinion operating the driven shaft composed of the large and smallgear-wheels and provided with a flange atone side of the largergear-wheel, an adjustable support for said pinion, a driving-shaft, anda frame movable longitudinally thereof having arms, a plurality ofdifferential gears having a limited longitudinal movement between saidarms, means for operating the frame to shift the gear-wheels relativethe pinion and locking devices securing the frame.

5. In an agricultural implement, the combination with a frame having ahopper, a driven shaft, and feeding devices operated by the latter, of apinion operating the driven shaft, a movable yoke carrying said pinionand provided with a pawl and-a bar on the frame having ratchet-teethwith which said pawl cooperates, a driving-shaft, a plurality ofdifferential gear-wheels thereon, a frame having arms embracing thegears, and a lever for shifting the frame to move all of the gearsrelative the pinion.

6. In an agricultural machine, the combihavingapinion journaled thereinand adjust? to nation with a main frame having a hopper able relativethe driving-shaft, and operatprovided with feedingdevices,afeeding-shafting connections between the pinion and the operating the latter, and adriving-shaft, of driven shaft.

5 a plurality of gears arranged on the drivingshaft, a frame embracingthe gear-wheels, a FRANCIS ISHAM' lever for moving the frame to shiftthe gears Witnesses: longitudinally on the shaft, and means forELIZABETH J. PERRY, locking the frame in adjusted position, a yokeELIZABETH SQUIER.

